  | 
| Jean-Claude Juncker  | 
Among EU government leaders only the UK and Hungarian prime ministers voted against him at an EU summit on 27 June.
Crucially Germany's Chancellor Angela Merkel backed his bid -
 after some hesitation - as did the centre-left leaders of France and 
Italy.
There are many voices in the European Parliament too who 
argue that Mr Juncker should get the job. The parliament believes the 
choice of European Commission president now has to reflect the election 
result.
Yet he is a controversial figure in the EU, as a leading advocate of deeper EU integration, and is often called a "federalist"
. 
A veteran of Brussels deal-making, he headed the powerful 
Eurogroup - the eurozone finance ministers - at the height of the 
eurozone crisis, when crucial decisions were taken about austerity and 
bailout conditions.
He was prime minister of Luxembourg from 1995 to 2013 and one of the architects of the euro. 
But according to Pierre Leyers, financial editor of the daily
 Luxemburger Wort, it is misleading to call him a "federalist". "He 
wants deeper integration, but not a European superstate," he told the 
BBC.
Mr Leyers argues that coming from a tiny country has enhanced
 Mr Juncker's influence in the EU, odd though that may seem to people 
unfamiliar with Brussels politics.
Luxembourg was a founding member of the community which 
became the EU and, sandwiched between France and Germany, "it had no 
choice but to try to be on good terms with its neighbours", Mr Leyers 
said.
 "So some Luxembourg politicians were always good negotiators and 
diplomats, to get France and Germany together."
The drive for post-war reconciliation shaped Mr Juncker's political views.
But some of his past remarks have raised eyebrows, suggesting a less than firm commitment to democracy.
Ahead of the French vote on the European Constitution in 2005
 he said: "If it's a Yes, we will say 'on we go', and if it's a No we 
will say 'we continue'"
.
And in 2011 he said "monetary policy is a serious issue - we 
should discuss this in secret, in the Eurogroup... I am for secret, dark
 debates".
His greatest EU challenge has been shoring up the eurozone 
since the 2008 financial crash, when Greece's colossal debts, and those 
of other struggling eurozone countries, threatened the very survival of 
the single currency.
Mr Juncker is a strong advocate of a European "solidarity" union - an EU
 that strives to raise living standards in its poorest regions and 
sectors. 
He has not explained how an EU-US free trade deal might impact on EU 
social protection policies, which currently cost the EU many billions 
through support for farmers and projects to help poor communities.
He claimed that such a deal would give each European an extra 545 euros (£443; $742) - an exaggeration, according to a
 fact check by Eurovision, which hosted the debate.
He has also defended the Common Agricultural Policy, saying 
agriculture employs about 30 million Europeans. But the UK government is
 among the many critics who say the CAP is wasteful and want more of the
 EU budget spent on digital technologies, research and investment in 
small businesses.
Mats Persson, director of the Open Europe think-tank, says Mr
 Juncker is associated with the EU of the 1980s and 1990s, echoing a 
criticism attributed to UK Prime Minister David Cameron.
After an election that saw a surge in support for Eurosceptic
 parties, that connection with past EU policies may be a disadvantage, 
Mr Persson told the BBC, adding that  Mr Juncker was "sidelined quite a 
bit during the eurozone crisis" and "ran a vague election campaign".
However, Mr Juncker is not vague about the political risks of
 taking tough economic decisions. He once said "we all know what to do, 
we just don't know how to get re-elected after we've done it"
EU-Digest